Laravel 11 vs Symfony 7 dependency injection

I made a comparison between how both frameworks made the dependency injection. Just for curiosity.

To make this comparison I made a command that ask the ratio between Argentinian currency (ARS) and USD from the Argentinian National Bank (BCRA).

In both frameworks, I created a service and used it to from a command.

Symfony

The files we need to create or modify are:

tm/src/Command/TmGetUsdArsRatioCommand.php
tm/src/Service/UsdArsRatio.php
tm/config/services.yml

# tm/src/Command/TmGetUsdArsRatioCommand.php
<?php

namespace App\Command;

use App\Service\UsdArsRatio;
use Symfony\Component\Console\Attribute\AsCommand;
use Symfony\Component\Console\Command\Command;
use Symfony\Component\Console\Input\InputInterface;
use Symfony\Component\Console\Output\OutputInterface;
use Symfony\Component\Console\Style\SymfonyStyle;
use Symfony\Component\DependencyInjection\ParameterBag\ParameterBagInterface;

#[AsCommand(
    name: 'tm:getUsdArsRatio',
    description: 'Add a short description for your command',
)]
class TmGetUsdArsRatioCommand extends Command
{
    protected $params;
    protected $usdArsRatio;

    public function __construct(ParameterBagInterface $params, UsdArsRatio $usdArsRatio )
    {
        $this->params = $params;
        $this->usdArsRatio = $usdArsRatio;
        parent::__construct();
    }

    protected function execute(InputInterface $input, OutputInterface $output): int
    {
        $io = new SymfonyStyle($input, $output);

        $io->info('Getting USD to ARS conversion ratio...');

        $ratio = $this->usdArsRatio->getLastRatio();

        $io->success('USD to ARS ratio is: ' . $ratio);

        return Command::SUCCESS;
    }

}

# tm/src/Service/UsdArsRatio.php
<?php

namespace App\Service;

use GuzzleHttp\ClientInterface;
use GuzzleHttp\Exception\RequestException;
use Symfony\Component\DependencyInjection\ParameterBag\ParameterBagInterface;

class UsdArsRatio
{
    private $httpClient;
    private $parameters;

    public function __construct(ClientInterface $httpClient, ParameterBagInterface $parameters)
    {
        $this->httpClient = $httpClient;
        $this->parameters = $parameters;
    }

    public function getLastRatio(): float
    {
        $token = $this->parameters->get('bcra_token');
        $endpoint = $this->parameters->get('bcra_endpoint');

        try {
            $response = $this->httpClient->request('GET', $endpoint, [
                'headers' => [
                    'Authorization' => 'Bearer ' . $token
                ]
            ]);

            $data = json_decode($response->getBody()->getContents(), true);

            $lastValue = array_pop($data)['v'];

            return (float) $lastValue;

        } catch (RequestException $e) {

            throw new \Exception('Error getting data from the Usd/Ars ratio service: ' . $e->getMessage());

        }
    }
}

parameters:
    bcra_token: '%env(BCRA_TOKEN)%'
    bcra_endpoint: '%env(BCRA_ENDPOINT)%'

services:
    # default configuration for services in *this* file
    _defaults:
        autowire: true      # Automatically injects dependencies in your services.
        autoconfigure: true # Automatically registers your services as commands, event subscribers, etc.

    # makes classes in src/ available to be used as services
    # this creates a service per class whose id is the fully-qualified class name
    App\:
        resource: '../src/'
        exclude:
            - '../src/DependencyInjection/'
            - '../src/Entity/'
            - '../src/Kernel.php'

    # add more service definitions when explicit configuration is needed
    # please note that last definitions always *replace* previous ones

    # Guzzle with no arguments
    GuzzleHttp\Client: ~

    # Bind the interface to the class
    GuzzleHttp\ClientInterface: '@GuzzleHttp\Client'

Laravel

The files we need to create or modify are:

tm/app/Console/Commands/TmGetUsdArsRatioCommand.php
tm/app/Console/Services/UsdArsRatio.php
tm/app/Console/Providers/AppServiceProvider.php

# tm/app/Console/Commands/TmGetUsdArsRatioCommand.php
<?php

namespace App\Console\Commands;

use App\Services\UsdArsRatio;
use Illuminate\Console\Command;

class TmGetUsdArsRatioCommand extends Command
{

    protected $signature = 'tm:getUsdArsRatio';
    protected $description = 'Command description';

    // UsdArsRatio service
    protected $usdArsRatio;

    // Inject UsdArsRatio service
    public function __construct(UsdArsRatio $usdArsRatio)
    {
        $this->usdArsRatio = $usdArsRatio;
        parent::__construct();
    }

    /**
     * Execute the console command.
     */
    public function handle()
    {
        $this->info('Getting USD to ARS conversion ratio...');

        $lastRatio = $this->usdArsRatio->getLastRatio();

        $this->info('The last USD to ARS ratio is: ' . $lastRatio);

    }
}

# tm/app/Console/Services/UsdArsRatio.php
<?php

namespace App\Services;

use GuzzleHttp\ClientInterface;
use GuzzleHttp\Exception\RequestException;

class UsdArsRatio
{
    private $httpClient;

    // Inyect Guzzle in constructor
    public function __construct(ClientInterface $client)
    {
        $this->httpClient = $client;
    }
    function getLastRatio()
    {
        $token = config('app.parameters.bcra_token');
        $endpoint = config('app.parameters.bcra_endpoint');

        try {
            $response = $this->httpClient->request('GET', $endpoint, [
                'headers' => [
                    'Authorization' => 'Bearer ' . $token
                ]
            ]);

            $data = json_decode($response->getBody()->getContents(), true);

            $lastValue = array_pop($data)['v'];

            return (float) $lastValue;

        } catch (RequestException $e) {

            throw new \Exception('Error getting data from the Usd/Ars ratio service: ' . $e->getMessage());

        }
    }
}

# tm/app/Console/Providers/AppServiceProvider.php
<?php

namespace App\Providers;

use Illuminate\Support\ServiceProvider;

class AppServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider
{
    /**
     * Register any application services.
     */
    public function register(): void
    {
        $this->app->singleton('GuzzleHttp\ClientInterface', 'GuzzleHttp\Client');
    }

    /**
     * Bootstrap any application services.
     */
    public function boot(): void
    {
        //
    }
}

Differences

There are no big differences between them, just syntax and some helpers available in Laravel that simplify a liitle bit the code.

Writing messages to the console

Laravel:

// We can use just $this->info()
public function handle()
    {
        $this->info('Getting USD to ARS conversion ratio...');

Symfony:

// We have to inyect intput and output interface and create 
protected function execute(InputInterface $input, OutputInterface $output): int
{
    $io = new SymfonyStyle($input, $output);

    $io->info('Getting USD to ARS conversion ratio...');

Point to Laravel. Show messages in Laravel is clearer and easier to do than Symfony.

Service registration

Laravel:

$this->app->singleton('GuzzleHttp\ClientInterface', 'GuzzleHttp\Client');

Symfony:

services:
    GuzzleHttp\Client:
        class: GuzzleHttp\Client
        # other service configurations

    # Bind the interface to the service 'GuzzleHttp\Client'. The @ is a reference to a service.
    GuzzleHttp\ClientInterface: '@GuzzleHttp\Client'

Point to Symfony. You can “bind” an interface with a service with it own configuration. In Laravel you can do it too, but the notation is not so clear:

use GuzzleHttp\Client;
...
$this->app->bind('GuzzleHttp\Client', function ($app) {
    return new Client([
        'base_uri' => 'example.com',
        // other configurations
    ]);
});

Parameters

Symfony:

<?php
...
public function __construct(ClientInterface $httpClient, ParameterBagInterface $parameters)
    {
        $this->httpClient = $httpClient;
        $this->parameters = $parameters;
    }

    public function getLastRatio(): float
    {
        $token = $this->parameters->get('bcra_token');
        $endpoint = $this->parameters->get('bcra_endpoint');

Laravel:

<?php
...
function getLastRatio()
{
    $token = config('app.parameters.bcra_token');
    $endpoint = config('app.parameters.bcra_endpoint');

Point to Laravel. You can get the parameters from the command without inject the parameterBagInterface

Conclusion

Both frameworks are great. Laravel is a little bit clearer sometimes, and Symfony is clearer in others. In my next entry I will compare the difference creating a model.